None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age over 19 years 2. Patients receiving liver resection under general anesthesia (Including open surgery and laparoscopic surgery) 3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1,2
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients presenting with coagulopathy prior to surgery 2. Patients with neurological deficits 3. Patients with spinal anomaly or disorders 4. Patients with allergies to opioids or local anesthetics 5. Patients with severe respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disorders 6. Severe systemic infection or infections involving proposed intrathecal injection site 7. Patients with severe psychological disorders severe that may interfere with pain evaluation 8. Patients with chronic diseases that require opioids 9. Patients unable to read the consent form / foreigners
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Time to first rescue analgesic during the first 72hours after surgery (hr) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Total fentanyl administered dose by intravenous patient-controlled analgesia during the first 48 postoperative hours;Number of rescue analgesic injections after surgery;Presence and extent of sensory or motor block after surgery;Time to ambulation after surgery (hr);Pain score after surgery (visual analogue scale, VAS);Presence of complications (headache, nausea/vomiting, pruritus, respiratory depression, cognitive dysfunction, low blood pressure) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Yonsei University Health System, Severance Hospital