None listed
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: We enrolled physical status 1 to 3 patients (according to American Society of Anesthesiologists criteria), who were = 20 years of age and scheduled to receive percutaneous RFA to treat hepatocellular carninoma.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were hypersensitiviey to local anesthetics, infection at the injection site, sepsis, and coagulopathy (derined as an international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.4 or a platelet count < 100,000/ mm3) were excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| rate of patients requiring additional analgesics;incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV);incidence rate of side effects | — |
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| analgesic efficacy using the numeric rating scale (NRS) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital