None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: All patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1-2 who were undergoing orthopedic surgery below elbow with general anesthesia at our institution between july 2016 and july 2017 were assessed for study eligibility.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The exclusion criteria included a history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease, neurologic disorder, active alcohol or drug use, psychological disorder, obesity (body mass index = 35 kg/m2), ASA over 3, local anesthetic allergy, impaired renal function, impaired hematologic function and impaired hepatic function.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| brachial artery blood flow and resistance index;Horner syndrome, upper arm sensory decrease or motor weakness, hoarseness, side effect of local anesthetic agent | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| visual analue pain score | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Chung-Ang University