None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Drug : In the procedure room, all patients will be given supplemental oxygen (2 L/min) through a nasal cannula, and a 3-lead electrocardiogram, pulse oximetry, and blood pressure will be monitored. On
s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scale (OAAS scale) in order to maintain the same level of sedation between both groups. During entire procedure, the nurses will attempt to achieve a deep level of s
Sponsors
Hallym University Medical Center-Dongtan
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients were eligible to enter the study if they were 20 years of age or older and less than 70 years of age, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) risk class I or II, and scheduled for EUS only. ASA class I is defined as no organic, physiologic, biochemical, or psychiatric disturbance. ASA class II is defined as a mild to moderate systemic disturbance caused either by the condition being treated surgically or by other pathophysiologic processes.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) pregnancy; (2) known hypersensitivity to any of the study medications or to either soy or egg products (listed as contraindications in the package insert of propofol); (3) known adrenocortical insufficiency, chronic corticoid therapy, or porphyria; (4) expected intubation difficulty (inability to open the mouth widely or short thick neck); (5) obstructive sleep apnea; (6) history of adverse events with previous sedation; (7) severe liver disorders (liver transaminase > 100 IU/l; liver cirrhosis, due to high alcohol intake), severe renal failure (serum creatinine level >2 mg/dl) or severe heart disease (New York Heart Association Class III or IV) (8) desire to have endoscopy without sedation; (9) declining to provide informed consent. Finally, for the patients’ safety, patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP) <80 mmHg and baseline oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry to be <90% in room air or <95% with oxygen at 2 l/min administered by nasal cannula were also excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the rate of hypoxia;the rate of cardiopulmonary adverse events | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the reported satisfaction scores of endoscopists. ;the reported satisfaction scores of patients ;total dosage of etomidate or propofol and mean dosage of etomidate or propofol (mg/kg) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactSe Woo Park
Hallym University Medical Center-Dongtan
Outcome results
None listed