None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: American Society of anesthesiology classification 1, 2 Age: 19-70 yrs Below knee surgery in orthopedic surgery Patients who receive PCA (patient controlled analgesia)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: clinically significant coagulopathy infection at the injection site allergy to local anesthetics severe cardiopulmonary disease(= American Society of anesthesiology classification 3) body mass index > 35 diabetic or other neuropathies patients receiving opioids for chronic analgesic therapy baseline systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg Patients who don't receive PCA (patient controlled analgesia) Patients received general anesthesia
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Blood pressure(systolic, diastolic, mean), hearte rate, pulse rate, stroke volume, stroke volume index, cardiac output, cardiac output index | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Amount of opioid consumption;Pain score (visual analogue scale, VAS);Body temperature | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital