None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The patients who need patient-controlled analgesia after arthroscopic orthopedic surgery. American Society of Anesthesiologists’ classification from 1 to 3.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: patients whe do not agree with the experiment. Patients with impaired cognitive function. Patients with serious neurological, cardiac, liver, and kidney disease. Patients with chronic use of analgesic and sedative drugs.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| visual analogue scale score;numeric rating scale score | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Heart rate;oxygen saturation;sedation level (Ramsay score);nausea, vomiting;Urine retention;Pruritus;Shivering (temperature);Sweating;Dizziness;satisfaction of analgesia ;wanted bolus dose and total infused drug dose | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Hanyang University Seoul Hospital