None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. adult female patients aged 18-65 years old undergoing breast cancer surgery 2. American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.refusal 2. neuropsychological disorder 3. chronic pain 4. preoperative analgesia; opioid, antidepressant, gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine ? 5. cannot use numerical rating scale or patient-controlled analgesia device 6. pregnancy 7. contraindication to morphine ? ketamine; incontrolled hypertension, untreated hyperthyroidism, increased ocular pressure, anaphylactic reaction to these drugs, renal failure, hepatic failure.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| incidence of chronic pain | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| morphine consumption;Numerical Rating Scale | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Pusan National University Hospital