None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients scheduled for elective cerebral aneurysmal clipping under general anesthesia are included.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The exclusion criteria included inability to understand or incapacity to use the visual analog scale (VAS), proven or suspected allergy to local anesthetics, past history of craniotomy, and chronic(more than 2 wk) treatment with narcotic medications.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the requirement of antihypertensive agent ;Pain score (NRS score);Consumption of fentanyl (patient-controlled analgesia, PCA consumption) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| arterial pressure, heart rate;the time interval between the patient recovery and the administration of the first dose of PCA and first use of rescue analgesics;The use of vasopressor (dopamine);the presence of nausea and vomiting;the presence of respiratory depression;the use of rescue analgesics;the discontinuation of patient-controlled analgesia machine | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital