Not targeting any disease.
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Tainaka Kazuki
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. At the time of obtaining consent, healthy adults aged 18 years and older. 2. Individuals who, after receiving sufficient explanations regarding their participation in this study, provided written consent based on their own free will.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Individuals with cardiovascular diseases at or above the level of the neck. 2. Individuals who have undergone vagus nerve transection surgery in the neck area. 3. Individuals who cannot provide informed consent or have declined to participate in this study. 4. Individuals with artificial cochlear implants, cardiac pacemakers, or implanted VNS devices. 5. Individuals with injuries to the auricular region. 6. Individuals deemed to be excluded by the principal investigator.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Stimulation parameters during taVNS at or below pain threshold, including stimulation sites (auricular concha, tragus, among others), pulse width (50, 100, 200, 300, 600 microsecond), and frequency (1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 Hz). 2. Physiological data including electrocardiogram, heart rate variability, brain waves, eye movements, pupil diameter, and blood pressure changes. 3. Biochemical data of stress markers in saliva and oxidative stress markers in urine. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sleep data from brainwaves, Apple Watch, and Fitbit. | — |
Contacts
Public ContactKazuki Tainaka
Niigata University
Outcome results
None listed