pre-post
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Male sex Age 10 to 15 years Active participation in a football club or school team for at least two years, with a minimum of three training sessions per week Confirmed flexible flatfoot based on both.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Presence of systemic or neuromuscular disorders (cerebral palsy, spina bifida, peripheral neuropathy, vestibular disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, diabetes mellitus) History of severe lower extremity injury within the past year (fracture) or within the past two years (anterior cruciate ligament rupture, meniscus tear, ankle dislocation) Obvious lower limb deformities such as cavus foot, knee varus valgus (abnormal Q angle), or leg length discrepancy greater than cm confirmed by an orthopedic specialist Limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (less than with knee fully extended).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in peak plantar pressure (kPa) in the forefoot region (forefoot) measured by a plantar pressure plate (PT-Scan, Payafzafan Ferdowsi, Iran) during static standing.Change in peak plantar pressure (kPa) in the heel region (rearfoot) measured by a plantar pressure plate during static standing. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in dynamic balance assessed by the Y Balance Test (YBT) composite score (normalized to limb length). | — |
Countries
Asia(except Japan)
Contacts
Shomal university sh