The effects of hydrotherapy alone, massage therapy alone, and combined hydrotherapy-massage therapy on lower limb muscle co-contraction and plantar pressure distribution in adolescent soccer players with triceps surae tightness: a three-arm randomized controlled trial

The effects of hydrotherapy alone, massage therapy alone, and combined hydrotherapy-massage therapy on lower limb muscle co-contraction and plantar pressure distribution in adolescent soccer players with triceps surae tightness: a three-arm randomized controlled trial - The effects of hydrotherapy alone, massage therapy alone, and combined hydrotherapy-massage therapy on lower limb muscle co-contraction and plantar pressure distribution in adolescent soccer players with triceps surae tightness: a three-arm randomized controlled trial

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

JPRN

Registry ID

JPRN-UMIN000061427

Enrollment

105

Registered

2026-05-01

Start date

2026-02-12

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-09-14

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

pre-post

Interventions

Combined Hydrotherapy and Massage Therapy Hydrotherapy Massage Therapy

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

Male

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Diagnosis of triceps surae tightness Defined as ankle dorsiflexion range of motion less than 10 with the knee extended Presence of bilateral or unilateral triceps surae tightness confirmed by clinical examination No acute lower extremity injury in the past 3 months

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: History of lower extremity surgery (ankle, knee, or Achilles tendon) in the previous 12 months Acute or chronic ankle instability or recurrent ankle sprains (more than 3 episodes in the past year) Current lower limb musculoskeletal injury or pain that could interfere with training or testing Neurological disorders, balance disorders, or any condition affecting proprioception or neuromuscular control Participation in any other manual therapy, hydrotherapy, or structured stretching program during the study period Severe foot deformities (e.g., pes cavus, severe pes planus) or significant leg length discrepancy (>1.5 cm) Contraindications to hydrotherapy (e.g., open wounds, uncontrolled epilepsy, or fear of water) Use of muscle relaxants or any medication that could significantly affect muscle tone or performance Inability to attend at least 80% of the scheduled intervention sessions

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Lower limb muscle co-contraction ratios	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Plantar pressure distribution parameters	—

Countries

Asia(except Japan)

Contacts

Public ContactGhazal Marvastinia

Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, Tehran IAUETB

Qazal.marvastinia@gmail.com989336487376

Outcome results

None listed

Source: JPRN (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Sep 19, 2026