patients undergoing general anesthesia
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: patients aged 20 years or older with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status class I or II
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status class III, IV, or V; patients undergoing head and neck surgery; patients with preoperative sore throat or hoarseness; patients with a history of smoking; patients from whom informed consent cannot be obtained; pregnant women; patients with limited mouth opening; patients with anticipated difficult intubation; and patients with cervical spine disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the maximum force required for intubation | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Tokushima University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology