Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) chronic respiratory symptoms consistent with COPD (such as dyspnoea, cough, sputum production, or a history of exacerbations); (2) a relevant exposure history, including cigarette smoking; and (3) confirmation of persistent airflow limitation, defined as a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio of <0.7 on spirometry.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) age <18 years, (2) concurrent interstitial lung disease to rule out traction BE, and (3) visits primarily for lung cancer treatment to avoid confounding effects on prognosis.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The time to the first COPD exacerbation | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
National Hospital Organization, Osaka Toneyama Medical Center Department of Respiratory Medicine