Disorders due to addictive behaviors,Gaming disorder,Hazardous gaming
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) ownership of and experience using a smartphone; (2) age 13 years or older at the time of consent; and (3) provision of electronic informed consent (or assent with parental consent, as appropriate).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) difficulty understanding the study instructions or questionnaire content; (2) lack of access to the internet required to complete the web-based survey; and (3) medical advice restricting the use of electronic devices, including smartphones
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome is the latent trait structure and psychometric properties of the scale, estimated using item response theory (IRT) based on questionnaire items related to Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU). | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Macromill, Inc. Inquiry Form