Type-2 diabetes
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Jinnouchi Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: stable adult T2DM patients demonstrated persistent proteinuria (UPCR; A2 to A3; >0.15 g/gCre) despite more than 6 months of SGLT2i therapy (dapagliflozin; 10 mg/day) at the outpatient's department in Jinnouchi Hospital between January 2019 and July 2022 and initiated additional spironolactone therapy (initial dose; 12.5 mg/day). Patients were included if levels of proteinuria and eGFR measurements were performed both before and after the initiation of spironolactone and follow-up periods were 12 months.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients with hyperkalemia (K>5.5), cancer, severe infection, recent cardiovascular events, heart failure (New York Heart Association class III or higher), advanced chronic kidney disease (eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m2), advanced hepatic diseases, or concomitant use of eplerenone were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary endpoint was spironolactone therapy-induced changes in urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) levels. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The secondary outcome was the spironolactone treatment-induced changes in the annual rate of eGFR decline. | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactSeigo Sugiyama
Jinnouchi Hospital Diabetes Care Center
Outcome results
None listed