Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori)
Conditions
Interventions
In both the CRAFT group and the consultation group, a therapist see every two weeks for a total of six sessions, each session is 60 minutes. The difference between the interventions for the groups is
Sponsors
Sapporo Gakuin University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) Individual (IP) who is in a state of social withdrawal (Hikikomori) is defined in a 2010 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare study as "a state in which, as a result of various factors, they have avoided social participation (schooling including compulsory education, employment including part-time work, socializing outside the home, etc.) and have generally remained at home for more than six months (although they may go out without interacting with others)" 2) Family member (CSO) who comes to the consultation is 18 years of age or older 3) IP is 15 years of age or older and have graduated from junior high school 4) CSO is first-degree relatives (parent, child, or sibling) of IP, intimate partner (married or unmarried), or close friend 5) CSO has had contact with IP at least 40% of the past 90 days (if they live together, this is met unconditionally. If they live apart, this is calculated by including phone, email, and social media contact in addition to face-to-face contact), and there are no expected changes in this relationship over the next 90 days 6) CSO and IP live within a two-hour travel time of a facility where sessions is provided, and have no plans to move outside the area within the next six months 7) CSO is able to provide informed consent 8) CSO is willing to participate in the study through informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion Criteria 1) IP was enrolled in a special needs school 2) The intake officer determines CSO is physically and/or mentally inappropriate for the study 3) IP have received support or treatment for social withdrawal in the past month, or there is clear evidence that the IP is currently willing to receive support or treatment. Alternatively, IP is already receiving or scheduled to receive compulsory psychological support regardless of their will due to a criminal offense, the Juvenile Law, or the Mental Health and Welfare Act 4) CSO's reading comprehension skills is insufficient to understand the textbooks and psychological tests (they do not demonstrate reading comprehension as the level of junior high school graduation) Discontinuation Criteria: 1) CSO declines to participate in the study or withdrew their consent 2) The study can not be continued due to CSO's and/or IP's circumstances, such as relocation 3) The entire study is discontinued 4) The principal researcher or therapist deem it appropriate to discontinue the study for other reasons
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Outcomes are measured at three time points: Pre (before intervention/at the time of allocation: 0 week), Post (at the end of intervention: 12 Week), and Follow-up (8 weeks after the end of intervention: 20 Week). Primary outcome: GHQ28 (The General Health Questionnaire 28) of family member (CSO) who comes to consult. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary outcome 1 : Presence or absence of engagement of individual with social withdrawal (IP) with support facilities. Secondary outcome 2 : Frequency of inappropriate behavior (violence, gaming addiction) of individual with social withdrawal (IP) | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactAya Yamamoto
Sapporo Gakuin University Faculty of Psychology
Outcome results
None listed