Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients attending the outpatient clinics of the Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Showa Medical University Hospital, and the Nagareyama Central Park Ekimae Clinic affiliated with Tokatsu Hospital. 2.Patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes according to the diagnostic criteria. 3.Patients in whom skin autofluorescence (SAF) measurement can be performed. 4.Patients with regularly recorded data on glycemia (HbA1c), lipid profile (LDL cholesterol), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in electronic medical records for at least the past eight years. 5.Patients who have received a full explanation of the study and have provided written informed consent voluntarily.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, or other specific types of diabetes with known etiologies (e.g., pancreatic diabetes, steroid-induced diabetes). 2.Patients with skin disorders that may affect SAF measurement (e.g., marked pigmentation, inflammatory disease, or scars) at the measurement site (forearm). 3.Patients with insufficient regular records of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, or systolic blood pressure during the past eight years. 4.Patients who are judged to have difficulty understanding the study or providing consent for data use. 5.Patients who are deemed inappropriate for inclusion in this study by the principal investigator or attending physician.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The association between the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) assessed by skin autofluorescence (SAF) and long-term glycemic indices (mean levels and variability of HbA1c) over the past eight years. | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Showa Medical University School of Medicine Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine