Not specified
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Nippon Medical School
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Studies were included if they met the following criteria: participants were adults (>=18 years), and the intervention involved forest bathing, forest therapy, or Shinrin-yoku conducted in natural forest environments. Eligible studies were required to include a control group such as an urban walk, and to report quantitative data on psychological outcomes, including stress, mood, wellbeing, or anxiety, that could be accessed as continuous variables (mean, standard deviation, and sample size).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Studies were excluded if they involved self-controlled, crossover, or single-arm designs without independent control groups, or if data necessary for meta-analysis were incomplete or unavailable. In addition, non-original articles, such as narrative reviews, editorials, or commentaries, were excluded from the analysis.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| POMS | — |
Countries
Japan,Asia(except Japan),North America,South America,Australia,Europe,Africa
Contacts
Public ContactQing Li
Nippon Medical School Department of Rehabilitation Medicine
Outcome results
None listed