Healthy
Conditions
Interventions
Using a smartphone while eating
Not using a smartphone while eating
Sponsors
Hokkaido University of Science
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants were recruited via publicly posted study advertisements within the premises of the institution to which the researchers are affiliated. Eligibility required individuals to belong to a group of three to five members who regularly share meals in daily life. All group members were also required to personally own and routinely use a smartphone.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Individuals with no dietary health restrictions, food allergies, or ongoing dental treatments.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The number of chewing cycles during consumption of the same meal with and without smartphone use. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Comparison of food intake, eating time, conversation duration, utensil usage, and food variety between meals consumed with and without smartphone use. | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactKUMIKO MIYATA
Hokkaido University of Science Faculty of Health Sciences, Dept. of Nursing
Outcome results
None listed