Healthy
Conditions
Interventions
Participants eat three test meals a day during the first four days of the five-day measurement period. After the washout period (more than 3 days), participants eat three test meals a day for the firs
Sponsors
Toyo University
Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, National Institute of Health and Nutrition
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Students, teachers and other staffs in Toyo University
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: No able to eat the test meal Smoker Have a medical disease that can affect protein metabolism Regularly using supplements and medicines
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Urinary [15N]-ammonia end-product enrichment after eating breakfast and skipping breakfast | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Urinary [15N]-urea end-product enrichment, urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio, urinary nitrogen excretion, and urinary ketone enrichment, energy expenditure, carbohydrate oxidation and fat oxidation after eating breakfast and skipping breakfast | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactTakahiro Yoshizaki
Toyo University Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences
Outcome results
None listed