Visual impairment and Hearing impairment
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: All participants were university students aged 20 and above, including a group of healthy individuals with no visual or hearing impairments, a group of visually impaired individuals (with corrected visual acuity of less than approximately 0.3 in both eyes), and a group of hearing impaired individuals (with a hearing level of approximately 60 decibels or higher in both ears).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Individuals with acute coronary syndromes such as unstable angina, those with musculoskeletal disorders under medical management, and those whom a physician deems inappropriate for participation in this study based on medical grounds.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Autonomic Nervous Activity Parameters in a Single Orthostatic Tolerance Test | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Appendicular Muscle Mass, Body Fat Percentage, Upper and Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Balance Ability, Cardiac Autonomic Function, Degree of Arteriosclerosis, Physical Activity Level, and Quality of Life (QOL) | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Faculty of Health Department of Physical Therapy