Chronic musculoskeletal pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) were older than 20 years of age, (2) had persistent primary musculoskeletal pain of a minimum duration of 6 months before entry into the study, and (3) and at least 3 out of a 10-point pain-Numeric Rating Scale for subjective pain intensity
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) were no wish to participation, (2) had tumor related pain or presence of neurological symptoms, (3) were within 3 months after surgeries, and (4) were taking medication associated with dementia.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain-Numeric Rating Scale | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Hayaishi Hospital Center for pain management