Healthy adults
Conditions
Interventions
To assess digestion, absorption, and metabolism after chewing almonds 10 times per a bite and then consuming them.
To assess digestion, absorption, and metabolism after chewing almonds 25 times per a
Sponsors
Waseda University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) Subjects who are aged 20-30 years old. 2) Subjects who are males. 3) Subjects who have not chronic diseases. 4) Subjects who are not having medication (including supplements). 5) Subjects who are non-smoker. 6) Subjects who have not reduced weight within the past 3 months or who do not lose weight within the examination period. 7) Subjects who are not participating another study. 8) Subjects who can consume all test meals and drinks. 9) Subjects who are being evaluated splanchnic blood flow and gastric emptying with ultrasound.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) Subjects who are not aged 20-30 years old. 2) Subjects who are females. 3) Subjects who have chronic diseases. 4) Subjects who are having medication (including supplements). 5) Subjects who are smoker. 6) Subjects who have reduced weight within the past 3 months or who do lose weight within the examination period. 7) Subjects who are participating another study. 8) Subjects who can not consume because allergy foods are included in the test meals provided within the present study. 9) Subjects who are not being evaluated splanchnic blood flow and gastric emptying with ultrasound.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1) Diet-induced thermogenesis 2) Splanchnic blood flow 3) Gastric emptying 4) 13C breath test 5) Ghrelin, Peptide YY | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Gas exchange variables, Blood parameters, Subjective appetite by visual analog scale | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactMasashi Miyashita
Waseda University Faculty of Sport Sciences
Outcome results
None listed