Induction of anaesthesia
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) I-II patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia were prospectively enrolled.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria included patients younger than 20 years of age and with the presence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, renal failure, or a predicted difficult airway. If tracheal intubation was not performed within 1 minute, this patient was excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| heart rate and non-invasive blood pressure immediately before tracheal intubation | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1) heart rate and blood pressure immediately after tracheal intubation 2) heart rate and blood pressure during anaesthesia induction 3) adverse events (HR or SBP decreased to less than 50 bpm or 70 mmHg) 4) use of ephedrine: If HR or SBP decreased to less than 50 bpm or 70 mmHg respectively, IV of 4 mg ephedrine was deemed necessary | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki Departments of Anesthesiology