none
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.healthy adults (20 to 64 years old) 2. healthy elderly (65 years of age or older) 3.The elderly that have lowering of swallowing function due to aging (65 years of age or older)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Minors 2.Inadequate adult's judgment ability 3.Subjects who are receiving medical attention have a brain vascular disorder as underlying disease is excluded
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Saliva substance P blood substance P | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Kochi medical school hospital Pharmacy