Healthy
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Tohoku University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Healthy volunteers of ASA-PS (American Society of Anesthesiolosists-Physical Status)1 or 2
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) Volunteers of >ASA-PS 3 (2)A minor
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Each volunteer quietly lied down a bed in a quiet separated room An adhesive sensor integrated acoustic transducer was attached to his or her neck and pulse oximeter was attached on the right index finger. The aforementioned sensors were connected to the RRa monitoring system, and an observer confirmed the steady respiratory signal on the display of the RRa monitor for ten minutes. At the same time, another observer checked respiratory rate counting chest wall movements. A supervisor confirmed the each data of respiratory rate from RRa and counting chest wall movements at each occasion. The volunteer breathed at randomly indicated respiratory rate of 6, 12 and 30/min according to modified Early Warning Score. The volunteer maintained the constant breathing rhythm by referring to a second hand of a clock. Sound level was measured with an accurate sound level meter, and ambient sound level of the room under no audible sound was 45-55 dB. The noise around the neck sensor was generated by a forced-air warming system and the noise level was changed by following four steps of adjusting the distance between the nozzle of a forced-air warming system and the neck sensor; 45-55dB (no sound); 56-65dB (35-50 cm); 66-75dB (20-35 cm); and 76-85dB(10-20 cm). Thus, all volunteers performed 12 settings, including 3 patterns of respiratory rate and 4 sound levels. In each setting, respiratory rate was measured by an observer manually counting chest wall movements and RRa by another observer and repeated consecutive 3 min. Mean respiratory rate for the 3 min by the manual counting and RRa was recorded. RRa over 20% of the indicated respiratory rate for 15 sec or more was considered incorrect value and the other was considered correct value. | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactShizuha Yabuki
Tohoku University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology
Outcome results
None listed