oral malodor, gingivitis, periodontitis
Conditions
Interventions
The subjects were instructed to chew 2 pieces of pycnogenol gum (5 mg) 6 times daily for 15 min during the intake period (4 weeks).
The subjects were instructed to chew 2 pieces of pycnogenol gum (1
Sponsors
Kanagawa Dental University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: participant without systemic diseases
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: under dental treatment antibacterial therapy within the previous 30 days smoker
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Reduction of oral malodor, plaque formation and improvement of gingivitis at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeksr | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactKiyoko Watanabe
Kanagawa Dental University Department of Microbiology
Outcome results
None listed