Frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome in children
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Primary nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria with a urinary protein-creatinine ratio >1.8 and hypoalbuminemia with serum albumin level <2.5 g/dL). 2.Frequently relapses or prednisolone dependence, based on the International study of kidney disease in children. 3.Biopsy diagnoses of MCNS, MPGN or FSGS, where a renal biopsy has been performed before eligibility. 4.Aged twelve months to 18 years. 5.Written informed consent from the patients' parents or legal guardians.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Other renal or systemic forms of nephrotic syndrome defined on renal biopsy, clinical features or serology (Henoch-Schönlein nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus). 2.History of steroid-resistance. 3.Medical history of allergy or hypersensitivity reactions to cyclosporine. 4.Poorly controlled hypertension. 5.Chronic renal dysfunction. 6.Active infectious disease. 7.Severe liver disfunction. 8.History of cyclosporine administration. 9.Pregnancy. 10.Judged inappropriate for this study by the physicians.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Relapse-free rate | — |
Countries
Japan