postoperative pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients aged 18 to 85 years (including 18 and 85 years old); 2. American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I, II, ?; 3. Elective patients undergoing major thoracic and abdominal surgery under general anesthesia.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Abnormal liver and kidney function before surgery (preoperative liver enzyme index or creatinine exceeds 1.5 times the upper limit of normal); 2. Heart failure, arrhythmia; 3. Morbid obesity; 4. Bronchial asthma, abnormal coagulation function, history of cerebrovascular accident, increased intracranial pressure, intracranial space-occupying lesions; 5. Patients who have been dependent on or allergic to analgesics and anesthetics in the past; 6. Those who cannot cooperate due to various reasons.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale; | — |
Countries
China