Chronic kidney disease
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: ? Aged =18 years; ? Chronic kidney disease stage 4 to 5 (non-dialysis) patients. ? Patients agreed to participate in the study with inform consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: ? Pregnant women or patients in lactating; ? Patients with hyperkalemia, acute heart failure and other conditions which require initiation of dialysis; ? Patients who are taking glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants; ? Patients with inflammatory bowel disease, or patients with severe primary diseases such as active malignant tumor and gastrointestinal bleeding, or patients who cannot cooperate with treatment such as mental illness. ? Patients with acute infection or using antibiotics ? Patients who are taking probiotics, probiotics and other drugs that affect intestinal flora ? Patients who are allergy to the drugs used in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| estimated glomerular rate filtering; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| serum albumin;intestinal flora sequencing;blood urea nitrogen;urine protein creatinine ratio;uremia toxin;haemoglobin;blood creatinine; | — |
Countries
China