Influencing weight loss with a low-calorie diet. Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. BMI between 27 and 35 kg/m² 2. Stable weight (±2.3 kg in the previous 30 days) 3. Classified as normotensive (systolic <140 mmHg, diastolic <90 mmHg, resting heart rate <90 beats/min)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Pregnancy, nursing 2. Any history of metabolic disease (e.g., diabetes, thyroid disorders), cardiovascular disease, hepatic or renal dysfunction, autoimmune or neurological conditions 3. Individuals taking dietary supplements or medications known to alter body weight, metabolism, or hormone levels within four weeks of study initiation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Body mass changes were measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner at the beginning and end of the study | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Blood markers were measured using ELISA and dot blot at the beginning and end of the study | — |
Countries
United States of America