Which form of endurance exercise in water is better for weight loss ? continuous low intensity or short high intensity endurance exercise?

Does continuous endurance exercise in water elicit a higher release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and a higher plasma concentration of free fatty acids (FFAs) in pre-obese and obese men than high intensity intermittent endurance exercise? ? A pilot study

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

ISRCTN

Registry ID

ISRCTN95488515

Enrollment

Registered

2013-03-14

Start date

2013-07-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2019-02-11

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Obesity Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine Obesity

Interventions

Ten to fourteen healthy sedentary pre-obese and obese class-1 men with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 25 ? 34.99kg/m2 according to WHO 2004 will be scrutinized with regard to their metabolic res

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

Male

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. Male gender (Differences in estrogen concentrations between men and woman result in greater reliance on fat oxidation during exercise in woman. Between the different phases of the female menstrual cycle substrate utilization also varies) 2. Body-Mass-Index >25 and 18 and <50 years 4. Verbal and written information of the participants, signed declaration of consent 5. No cardiovascular risk [completion of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)]

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. Female gender 2. Cardiac insufficiency > New York Heart Association (NYHA) 1 3. Continuous arrhythmia 4. Respiratory obstruction 5. High blood pressure (> 140/90mmHg) 6. Body-Mass-Index 34,99 kg/m2 7. Age 50 years 8. Any medication 9. Signed declaration of consent missing

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
1. ANP 2. Respiratory exchange rate (RER). The RER specifies the ratio of carbon dioxide (CO2) eliminated to oxygen (O2) consumed. The RER depends on the metabolic substrate used for generating energy. Using stoichiometric equations, the RER can be applied to determine the amounts of carbohydrates and fatty acids metabolized. Energy production can also be reliably estimated in the same manner. 3. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The RPE method requires that a person subjectively rates how difficult the work is, using a numerical scale that is related to exercise intensity.	—

Measure

Time frame

1. ANP 2. Respiratory exchange rate (RER). The RER specifies the ratio of carbon dioxide (CO2) eliminated to oxygen (O2) consumed. The RER depends on the metabolic substrate used for generating energy. Using stoichiometric equations, the RER can be applied to determine the amounts of carbohydrates and fatty acids metabolized. Energy production can also be reliably estimated in the same manner. 3. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The RPE method requires that a person subjectively rates how difficult the work is, using a numerical scale that is related to exercise intensity.

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
1. Free fatty acids 2. Lactate 3. Catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine) 4. Growth hormone (GH) 5. Insulin 6. Glycerol All of which indicate changes in the metabolic process.	—

Countries

Switzerland

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ISRCTN (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Mar 22, 2026