Alzheimer's disease Nervous System Diseases Alzheimer's disease
Conditions
Interventions
1. Intervention group:
Participants exercise two times per week for three months. Every session comprises 60 minutes (5 - 10 minute warm-up and 5 - 10 minute cool-down on an ergometer). Participants w
Sponsors
Institute of Sport Science (Germany)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Men and women, aged 49 to 93 years 2. Participants must be able to understand, read, and speak German 3. The patients sample is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (light or moderate) which was assessed with the Consortium to establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological test battery 4. Participants must have an mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score greater than or equal to 10 points 5. Participants without Alzheimer's disease have to be older than 60 years and must have an MMSE score greater than or equal to 24
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients with one of the following diseases: 1.1. Acute coronary heart diseases 1.2. Thrombophlebitis 1.3. Acute lung diseases 1.4. Infections 1.5. Osteoporosis 2. Patients who are not able to sit or stand without aid
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Health status: genotype testing (Presilin-1-Gen, Presilin-2-Gen, Apolipoprotein E2, 3, 4), measured pre-test only 2. Health-related fitness, measured pre-test and post-test: 2.1. Endurance via ergometer (World Health Organization [WHO] protocol, lactate analysis) 2.2. Maximal isometric strength (knee flexion, knee extension, hip adduction, hip abduction, forearm extension, forearm flexion, hand grip) 2.3. Strength-endurance (chair rising, arm-curl) 2.4. Flexibility (trunk and head rotation, back scratch, sit and reach) 2.5. Reaction and movement time (simple/choice reaction) 2.6. Fine motor movement (hand-eye coordination) 2.7. Balance (Romberg Test with and without visual control, Tandem and Semi-Tandem Stand) 3. Cognitive function, measured pre-test and post-test: 3.1. Cognitive screening (Mini Mental Status Test [MMST]) 3.2. Vocabulary (Multiple-Choice Word Test [MWT-B]) 3.3. Immediate verbal and visual-spatial memory span (Corsi Block Tapping Test) 3.4. Digits forward/backward (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale [WAIS]) 3.5. Information processing speed and attention (d2, Trail-Making Test Parts A and B [TMT A/B]) 3.6. Perceptual speed and response inhibition (cerebraler Insutfizienz Test [c.I.Test]) 3.7. Word fluency and mental rotation (Leistungsprufsystem [LPS]) 3.8. Anticipation and planning (Maze Test) 3.9. Verbal learning (Verbaler Lern- und Merkfähigkeitstest [VLMT]) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Health status, measured pre-test and post-test: 1.1. Body composition 1.2. Chronic diseases 1.3. Functional limitations 1.4. Pain 1.5. Rate of falls 1.6. Medication 1.7. Geriatric assessment 1.8. Self-related health (5-point-Likert scale) 1.9. Depression rating scale 1.10. Locus of control 2. Activities, measured pre-test and post-test: 2.1. Leisure time and social activities 2.2. Physical activities (manner, duration, frequency, intensity, last 12 months and across life span) 3. Feedback (from Alzheimer patients and caregiver/family member) on exercise program, measured post-test only | — |
Countries
Germany
Outcome results
None listed