Type 2 diabetes and other chronic comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. 21 years and above 2. Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 3. HbA1c = 7% 4. Uncontrolled co-morbidities such as hypertension (>130/80 mm Hg) and dyslipidemia (LDL > 2.6 mmol/L and TG > 2.3 mmol/L) 5. Characteristics of CAREPILLS (defined as Closer monitoring, Adherence problem, Resistance to drug therapy, Empowerment in patient’s own therapy, Polypharmacy, Insulin titration, Lack in drug knowledge, Lack in drug administration techniques and Switching of drugs)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes 2. Unable to communicate independently
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), 2. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), 3. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 4. Triglycerides (TG) Will be measured at baseline, three- and six-months 5. Incidence of minor and major hypoglycemia, 6. Appropriateness of aspirin and ACEI/ARB use, 7. Diabetes-related clinical visit and hospitalization 8. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), 9. Euro Quality of Life Five Dimensions (EQ-5D), 10. Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL), 11. Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID), 12. Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaires (DTSQ) 13. Direct and indirect costs Will be measured at baseline and six-months | — |
Countries
Singapore