Bone health, cardiovascular disease Circulatory System Cardiovascular disease
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Women aged 50 - 70 years 2. Independently mobile 3. Postmenopausal (menopausal status defined as at least 6 months of amenorrhoea within the past year)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Smoking 2. Body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m^2 3. Hepatic or renal disease 4. Gastrointestinal disease 5. Endocrine or metabolic abnormalities 6. Use of drugs or dietary supplements known to influence B vitamin or choline status or metabolism 7. Haematological disorder 8. Serum vitamin B-12 concentration less than 111pmol/l or serum creatinine concentration greater than or equal to 130 umol/l
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Choline status, measured at baseline, week 6 and week 12. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline, week 6 and week 12: 1. B vitamin and betaine status 2. Plasma homocysteine 3. Bone turnover markers | — |
Countries
United Kingdom