Peripheral arterial disease. Circulatory System Other peripheral vascular diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Upper- versus lower-limb aerobic exercise training. Supervised training sessions were held twice weekly for 6 weeks with arm cranking or leg cranking.
Sponsors
Sheffield Hallam University (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients with stable intermittent claudication were recruited from the Sheffield Vascular Institute at the Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK. The clinical diagnosis of PAD was established using the patient?s history and a physical examination, and was confirmed by the Doppler assessment of ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI), a non-invasive reliable measure of lower-extremity hemodynamics, in accordance with current UK medical practice.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients experiencing symptoms of IC for less than 12 months, or reporting a significant change in walking ability within this time period were considered to have unstable disease and were, as a consequence, excluded. Patients were also excluded if they exhibited features of critical ischemia, had undergone a re-vascularization procedure within the previous 12 months, or if initial assessment established that they suffered from severe arthritis (i.e. if they were unable to walk unaided or perform either upper- or lower limb cranking exercise due to joint pain), severe lumbar spine disease or unstable cardiorespiratory conditions (i.e. unstable blood pressure, recent electrocardiographic changes or acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, third-degree heart block, acute congestive heart failure and severe respiratory conditions).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Walking performance (claudication distance and maximum walking distance). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Upper- and lower-limb aerobic exercise capacity 2. Disease-specific and generic quality of life measures 3. Blood markers of cardiovascular disease risk | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed