Child development Not Applicable
Conditions
Interventions
The overarching objective of the present project is to investigate how very young Norwegian
children fare in the sensory-motor and social-emotional domains, and how susceptible childre
Sponsors
University of Oslo
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Pregnant women were enrolled from September 2011 to October 2012 2. All pregnant women receiving routine prenatal care at well-baby clinics at nine geographically diverse sites across Norway were invited by midwives to participate 3. Most pregnant women were at week 11-26 into gestation when they completed the first questionnaire; however, some women were asked as late as week 31-34
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Does not meet inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Child outcome and possible diagnostic information based on repeated observations of parent–child interaction, developmental testing, and parent and preschool teacher report measures: Data collection in the Little in Norway study has comprised five points in pregnancy (weeks 16, 20, 26, 32, 36), time of birth, 6 weeks postpartum, 6,12 and 18 months and 3 years. Data have been collected through self-report questionnaires filled out at home, at well baby clinics or completed by research assistants based on parent interviews, and by testing and observation of the child, telephone interviews and video sessions. All completed questionnaires, test protocols and video recordings were streamed to a central facility where they were registered, verified and kept on a secure server. The questionnaires that were completed at home used a web-based survey motor provided by one of the study’s data processors. A comprehensive questionnaire package was given to the participating mothers and fathers at the first meeting in pregnancy, which could take place from pregnancy week 8 to 34, depending on the specific time of enrolment. The questionnaire package included queries concerning sociodemographic background, smoking, use of alcohol, drugs and medication in pregnancy, as well as the following measures: 1. The Life Stress Scale (a subscale of the Parenting Stress Index, PSI), measuring parental stress factors over the previous 12 months 2. The Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ R), designed to assess anxiety related to pregnancy and birth 3. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a self-report measure identifying women at risk for perinatal depression 4. The Adverse Childhood Experience Scale (ACE), assessing possible parental adverse childhood experiences prior to age 18 years For all but the latest enrolled families, most of the procedures applied at | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Dietary intake was assessed using a web-based, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, the Seafood-FFQ. The questionnaire is designed to capture the habitual intake of seafood and the use of dietary supplements. To enable aggregation and quantity estimation of individual seafood consumption, ordinal data from the Seafood-FFQ is converted to numerical data using the seafood-index system. At 3 years a web-based FFQ of mothers and children's food habits was applied. 2. Nutritional status and suboptimal nutritional status of micronutrients like DHA, vitamin D and iodine, assessed using hair, urine, and blood samples collected repeatedly through follow-up (at inclusion in pregnancy, 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months) 3. Cortisol level measured using hair samples from mothers 6 weeks and 12 months postpartum 4. DNA methylation assayed using saliva samples collected by the research assistants at 6 weeks and 12 months (from the child and the mother) | — |
Countries
Norway
Outcome results
None listed