General immune defence Signs and Symptoms Immune defence
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy male and female subjects 2. Aged 20 - 60 years old
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of acute or terminal disease 2. Gastrointestinal disorders or surgery 3. Intolerance for milk protein or lactose 4. Daily consumption of probiotic products 5. Antibiotic treatment 6. Any vaccination 15 days prior to baseline 7. Prior influenza vaccination for the 2008/2009 season 8. Already having suffered from influenza during the 2008/2009 season
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Antigen-specific response to the influenza vaccination in plasma and saliva 4 weeks after the vaccination. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| General adaptive and innate immune responses to the influenza vaccination 4 weeks after the vaccination. | — |
Countries
Italy