Personality disorders Mental and Behavioural Disorders
Conditions
Interventions
Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) with permuted block sizes of three or five, to receive MIT–GA or waiting list plus treatment as usual (TAU). Assessments of symptoms, functioning and psych
Popolo et al., 2018, 2019, 2022). And on this basis, we built an adaptation of the group protocol for adolescents (MIT–GA) which we are testing here. The MIT–GA program therefore includes: (1) At leas
(2) Two psychoeducational group–sessions introducing the principles of the treatment
(3) 16 weekly group–sessions for adolescents
and (4) a further 5 MIT-G sessions for adolescent’ parents or caregivers, scheduled concurrently to the adolescent group–sessions. The aims of the additional parents/caregivers’ sessions are: (i) to h
Sponsors
Servicio Riojano de Salud
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Eligible participants aged 14–18 years will be receiving routine treatment and either meet criteria for a PD as diagnosed by trained psychiatrists or clinical psychologists through the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Personality Disorders (SCID–II) (First et al., 1995). 2. Participants will also have to show interpersonal or social problems as notified in case manager reports; for instance, difficulties with relatives, friends, or classmates, problems in sustaining intimate bonds or feeling chronically excluded from groups. The case managers of eligible patients will be consulted about whether potential participants are suitable for inclusion in the study. Upon referral, suitable participants will be invited to participate in the trial.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Non-Spanish-speaking 2. Full or sub-threshold antisocial PD 3. Significant substance use defined as drinking or engaging in drug use to the point of intoxication, three or more times per week 4. High risk of suicide, defined as the presence of a current plan and/or intent to commit suicide 5. Severe depression, bipolar disorder, and/or psychosis 6. Impaired intellectual functioning, defined as Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–V Full–Scale IQ scores < 75 7. Major neurological illness 8. Any other mental disorder than PD as primary diagnosis 9. Lacking capacity for consent to research.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-months follow-up: 1. The Mini–International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents (MINI–KID 6.0) (Sheehan et al., 2010) will be used to detect comorbid mental disorders at baseline. 2. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Axis–II Personality Disorders (SCID–II) (First et al., 1995) will be used to assess DSM–IV PDs. Sociodemographic information will be collected using an interview designed for this study at baseline 3. Global symptoms: The Global Severity Index (GSI) from the Symptom Checklist-90–Revised (SCL-90-R) (Aluja et al., 2015; Derogatis, 2002) will be used to rate psychopathological symptoms over the past week. 4. Interpersonal functioning: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP–64) (Alden et al., 1990; Salazar et al., 2010) will be used to assess current interpersonal problems. 5. The Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) will be used to assess social functioning based on information from the clinician administered interviews and medical records from the preceding 30-day period (Shaffer et al., 1983). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-months follow-up: 1. Depression: The Beck Depression Inventory for Youth (BDI-Y) (Beck et al., 2012) will specifically be used to measure depression symptomatology. 2. Acceptability: Interventions acceptability and subjective impact will be assessed by an anonymous self-report scale at the end of each session to evaluate the session’s enjoyableness, usefulness, and effect on daily social functioning using a 5-point scale (1–5). 3. Parents/Caregivers: The Parental Stress Scale (PSS) (Berry & Jones, 1995) and the Brief Parental Self Efficacy Scale (BPSES) (Woolgar et al., 2013) will be used to respectively rate the degree of parenting stress and perceived self-efficacy. 4. Metacognition: Metacognition Assessment Scale–Abbreviated (MAS–A) (Inchausti et al., 2016; Lysaker et al., 2005; Semerari et al., 2003) will be used for assessing different forms of metacognitive activity within personal narratives. It contains four subscales: ‘Self-reflectivity’; ‘Understanding the Other’s Mind’; ‘Decentration’ which evaluates the ability to perceive the world as existing with others having independent motives; and ‘Mastery’ assesses the ability to use mental state knowledge for the sake of purposeful problem solving. The MAS–A total score ranges from 0 to 28. Higher scores indicate better functioning. The Indiana Psychiatric Illness Interview (IPII) (Lysaker et al., 2002) was developed with the goal of eliciting the life story and illness history of the patient. The MAS–A will be scored from IPII transcripts. 5. Alexithymia and impulsivity: The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) (Martínez Sánchez, 1996; Bagby et al., 1994) will be used to assess the degree of alexithymia. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) (Martínez-Loredo et al., 2015; Patton et al., 1995) will be used to assess impulsivity as a behavioural measure of self-reflection and self-control. | — |
Countries
Spain
Outcome results
None listed