Knee osteoarthritis (degeneration of the knee joint) Musculoskeletal Diseases Gonarthrosis [arthrosis of knee]
Conditions
Interventions
Participants attended a six-week group exercise programme once a week in the church hall at The Avenue Methodist Church in Sale. It was delivered by the investigator, a physiotherapist, and a physioth
Sponsors
University of Salford (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Participants diagnosed with medial knee OA either clinically or radiographically by a consultant/GP and meeting the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for knee OA (Altman, 1987) 2. 40 years or older 3. Able to walk for at least 100 metres. 4. Speak and understand English as the patients needed to understand the patient information sheet and the consent forms, which were written in English. The educational materials and patient reported measures were also in English. As a pilot study, there was not sufficient funding to translate these into other languages.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Diagnosis of patellofemoral or lateral knee OA more than medial 2. Currently wearing a brace or insoles 3. Currently using cane or other assistive devices to help mobility 4. Severe cognitive, cardio-respiratory, musculoskeletal or neurological problems other than knee OA 5. Taking medications that would limit participation in the exercise programme and/or assessments 6. A history of high tibial osteotomy or other realignment surgery or total knee replacement. The effect of a conservative intervention (i.e. exercises) on loading is under investigation and these interventions change the loading on the knee and are considered the last choice of treatment with knee OA. 7. Corticosteroid injection in the knee in the last three months to ensure it does not interfere with the results of the exercise programme, as it has short-term effect on pain (Bellamy et al., 2006) 8. Current participation in other treatment programmes that might affect the results of this pilot study, such as other exercise programmes, manual therapy, or acupuncture 9. Gross ligament instability
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| External knee adduction moment (EKAM): the EKAM was assessed during gait. It was also assessed in single leg stance (SLS). This is referred to as single leg stance knee adduction moment (SSKAM). Additionally, knee adduction angular impulse (KAAI) during gait was assessed. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and kinetics in the coronal and sagittal planes and temporo-spatial parameters: some of these measures include: speed, stance time, step length, and the external hip adduction moment. 2. Muscle strength: all isokinetic and isometric testing were performed using the Biodex system 3 isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, N.Y., USA). The strength of the knee flexors and extensors was assessed concentrically at 60°/s and isometrically at 45°. The hip abductors were assessed isometrically at 0°. 3. Dynamic balance: a modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) was used to assess dynamic balance. 4. Muscle co-contraction: surface electromyography (EMG) data were collected using a Noraxon Telemyo system (www.noraxon.com) at a sampling rate of 3000Hz. Eight channels were used to record average activation with electrodes placed on the right and left vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles. 5. Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) f6. Arthritis self-efficacy questionnaire 7. Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12v2) 8. Adherence | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed