Type 1 diabetes Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Conditions
Interventions
The study was split into three parts.
A preliminary session was used to test for maximal strength and familiarize participants with the trial protocols and correct lifting techniques for exercise. P
Sponsors
Swansea University (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Male and female, aged between 18 and 60 years 2. Regularly active (i.e. partake in physical activities 3+ times per week) 3. Free from any diabetes complications other than mild background retinopathy 4. Not taking any prescribed medication other than insulin 5. Are treated with a stable insulin regimen composed of a combination of slow acting insulin (e.g. glargine) and rapid-acting insulin analogues for 3+ months before the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Race, gender, ethnic origin, nationality, religion or beliefs and sexual orientation were not used as exclusion factors for this investigation. In an effort to improve homogeneity in data, volunteers were excluded if they were: 1. Aged less than 18 years or over 60 years 2. Physically inactive (i.e. partake in physical activities less than 3 times per week) 3. Suffered from any diabetes complications apart from background diabetic retinopathy 4. Taking any prescribed medication other than insulin 5. On a non-stable insulin regimen for less than 3 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To determine a strategy that improves the stability of blood glucose in response to resistance exercise. To this end, blood glucose concentrations were measured following different volume and intensity resistance exercise sessions. From this data, a dose of exogenous insulin that best alleviated exercise-induced glycaemic disturbances was determined. Blood glucose was measured on a metabolic analyser (GEM Premier 3000; Instrumentation Laboratories, UK). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Blood and serum metabolites (pH and lactate, cortisol, glucagon, catecholamines, serum insulin, growth hormone, interleukin-6, nonesterified fatty acids and creatine kinase) responses before, during and after different resistance exercise sessions with and without an glucose management strategy Blood pH, lactate, extra-cellular fluid base-excess and K+ were analysed on a metabolic analyser (GEM Premier 3000; Instrumentation Laboratories, UK). Remaining venous blood from each sample were centrifuged for plasma and stored at -80°C for later determination of insulin (Invitron, UK), creatine kinase (ILab 300 Plus, UK), ß-hydroxybutyrate (D-3-hydroxybutyrate; Randox Laboratories Ltd, Co. Antrim, UK), catecholamines (ELISA; Eagle Biosciences Inc, Nashua, NH, USA), growth hormone, IL-6 and cortisol (ELISA; RnD Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed