Obesity Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine Obesity
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Manchester Metropolitan University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy/lean males, 2. Aged between 18-40 years, 3. Non-smokers, 4. Classified as lean according to body fat % and with a BMI of 20.5–24.9 kg/m2 5. Stable body weight (±3 kg) for at least 6 months. 6. Able and willing to comply with study procedures. 7. Willing to undertake required fasting duration, and with the capacity to provide informed consent will be included in the study. 8. Free from injury prior to commencing the trials (6+months), with 1+ year free from any injury (such as, lower limb musculoskeletal injuries) that may have prevented and/or affected the participant. from performing cycling previously. 9. Participants will be classified as moderate or intermediate chronotypes according to the questionnaire of Waterhouse et al (2001).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Individuals on regular medication or with any known history of gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, or endocrine disease. 2. Participants will be excluded if they have an early circadian phase also known as extreme morning chronotypes and extreme evening chronotypes. 3. Participants who are involved in shift work and reports any disturbances to their normal sleep-wake cycle during the two weeks prior to data collection. 4. individuals who cannot consume test meals due to intolerance's/dietary preferences.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Gastric emptying rate of a semi-solid meal that will be provided 30 minutes following the cessation of the cycling exercise will be measured using the 13C breath test method. 2. Breath samples will be collected every 15 min for a two-hour period. 3. Circulating levels of key gastrointestinal hormones and metabolic markers. Venous blood samples will be collected at baseline, post breakfast ingestion period, 1-hour post breakfast ingestion period (pre-exercise), immediately post 60-min cycle, 30 min post cycle (pre meal ingestion), then at 30 min intervals post meal ingestion for two hours. 4. Subjective feelings of appetite will be assessed using 100 mm visual analogue scales at baseline, post breakfast ingestion period, 30 min post breakfast ingestion period, pre-exercise, post exercise, pre semi-solid meal ingestion, then every 15 min post semi-solid meal ingestion for two hours. 5. 24h post trial energy intake using weighed food intake dietary record. 6. Substrate oxidation will be measured using a breath-by-breath gas analyser at baseline, post breakfast ingestion period, 30 min post breakfast ingestion period, pre-exercise, continuously throughout exercise, pre semi-solid meal ingestion, then every 30 min post semi-solid meal ingestion for two hours. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Salivary melatonin concentration at the start of the trials. 2. Ratings of perceived exertion using the Borg scale and heart rate using telemetry will be recorded pre-exercise and every 15 min during the exercise. | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
Public ContactVictoria McIver
Outcome results
None listed