Anxiety at planned caesarean Pregnancy and Childbirth
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. PAS-7 score = 8 out of a maximum score of 28, indicating preoperative anxiety 2. Planned caesarean section 3. Singleton pregnancy 4. Term pregnancy (gestational age = 37 weeks) 5. Adult (age = 18 years) 6. Reassuring fetal status (based on CTG monitoring as part of standard care) 7. Able to give consent 8. Able to communicate in English or Bahasa Melayu
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Known psychiatric illnesses (e.g., depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, etc.) requiring current medications or other treatment. 2. Gross fetal anomalies 3. Placenta praevia 4. Morbidly adherent placenta spectrum 5. Major maternal medical disorders (Eg: cardiac disease, renal failure, etc)
Countries
Malaysia