Healthy young adults, exercise and protein feeding Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Conditions
Interventions
Participants will be randomized (by a researcher not involved in data collection) to consume 1.6 g protein/kg body weight in one meal or the same quantity split evenly between three meals. Participant
Sponsors
McMaster University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. English-speaking 2. Male or Female, aged 18-30 years 3. Healthy, non-smoking/vaping 4. BMI between 20 and 30 kg/m2 5. Not taking any medication or with any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, would compromise the study outcome or the safety of the research participant. For example, taking any corticosteroids or antibiotics and individuals with any metabolic disorders like diabetes. 6. No contraindications to proteins provided – whey, pea, soy, egg – in meals 7. Ability to provide informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Subject has any concurrent medical, orthopedic, or psychiatric requirements that, in the opinion of the investigators, would compromise their ability to comply with the study requirements 2. Allergy or sensitivity to study ingredients 3. Individuals who are incompetent and/or who are unable to give informed consent 4. Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, may adversely affect the subject's ability to complete the study or its measures or may pose a significant risk to the subject 5. Any cancer, or related condition, or any genetic muscle diseases or disorders 6. Current gastrointestinal disorder that could interfere with the study (e.g., IBS/IBD, diarrhea, acid reflux disease, dysphagia, etc.) 7. Excessive alcohol consumption (>21 units/week) and/or a smoker (cigarettes or vaping) 8. Use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, any anabolic steroid, creatine, whey protein supplements, casein, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) or any other natural health product (NHP), medication or supplement used for muscle strengthening/building within 45 days prior to screening 9. Personal or family history of a clotting disorder or deep vein thrombosis
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Skeletal muscle fractional protein synthetic rate, amino acid profiles, ureagenesis, and isotope enrichment, measured by deuterated water and stable amino acid isotope incorporation of samples obtained during the 17-hour infusion at baseline (0500), 0730, 1230, 1700, 2200, and the following morning at 0500 | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Skeletal muscle free amino acid concentrations measured by mass spectrometry of samples obtained during the 17-hour infusion at baseline (0500), 0730, 1230, 1700, 2200, and the morning after at 0500. Plasma amino acid concentrations are measured by mass spectrometry from samples obtained during the 17-hour infusion at 30-minute intervals starting at 0500, and finishing at 2200, as well as one sample the following morning at 0500. 2. Proteins of interest from muscle measured using histological staining of samples obtained during the 17-hour infusion at baseline (0500), 0730, 1230, 1700, 2200, and the following morning at 0500. 3. Amino acid oxidation measured using breath sampling during the 17-hour infusion at 30-minute intervals starting at 0500, and finishing at 2200, as well as one sample the following morning at 0500. Amino acid oxidation in the form of ureagenesis is measured using urine samples during the 17-hour infusion at 0500, 1700, and the following morning at 0500. 4. Muscle protein expression measured using western blotting for samples obtained during the 17-hour infusion at baseline (0500), 0730, 1230, 1700, 2200, and the following morning at 0500. 5. Gastrointestinal comfort measured using the daily dowel function questionnaire, appetite visual analogue scale questionnaire, and the gastrointestinal tolerance questionnaire throughout the 17-hour infusion day at 0500, 0830, 1330, 1800, and the following morning at 0500. | — |
Countries
Canada
Contacts
Public ContactDominique;James Greyvenstein;Newbold
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Outcome results
None listed