Infant motor/psychosocial development Respiratory Unspecified acute lower respiratory infection
Conditions
Interventions
All infants were recruited at birth and randomised to swaddling versus non-swaddling groups. Babies were then followed up intensely for 7 months (see phase I for more details) and then not seen again
they had another follow-up contact at 13 months of age (or as soon after this time when they came for testing). There was also another visit at 3.5 years of each to each child and family when backgrou
Sponsors
Individual Sponsor (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. All babies born in the only four maternity hospitals of Ulaanbaatar (greater than 95% births were in these facilities) 2. Within 48 hours of birth if resident of Ulaanbaatar 3. Mother was well enough to discuss consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Refusal to consent 2. Birth weight less than 2500 g 3. Less than 36 weeks gestation 4. Obvious congenital abnormalities (with clear medical consequences) 5. Need for infant intensive care treatment 6. Residence in ?very warm? apartments (defined by the mother) since a pilot study indicated such families considered the home to be too hot for the baby to be wrapped
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| BSID-II, an internationally acclaimed test of mental and psychomotor development in early childhood, measured at 12 - 15 months of age and again at 3.5 years: 1. BSID-II mental scale: evaluates children?s sensory/perceptual acuities, discriminations, and response; acquisition of object constancy; memory learning and problem solving; vocalization and beginning of verbal communication; basis of abstract thinking; habituation; mental mapping; complex language; and mathematical concept formation 2. BSID-II psychomotor scale: evaluates the degree of body control; large muscle coordination; fine manipulatory skills of the hands and fingers; dynamic movement; postural imitation; and stereognosis (ability to recognize objects by sense of touch) Test scores are reported as scaled scores based on the infant?s age, with a normed mean of 100 (SD = 15 points). Both scales have high correlation coefficients (0/83 and 0/77 respectively) for test-retest reliability. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Length or height, head circumference, or Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) in cm (to the nearest 0.5cm); and weight in grams. Measured at 12 - 15 months of age. | — |
Countries
Mongolia
Outcome results
None listed