Overweight/moderately obese Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine Obesity
Conditions
Interventions
The dietary interventions proposed for this project are designed to compare a diet based on refined cereal products with:
1. The substitution of 3 servings of refined cereals foods with 3 servings of
Sponsors
Food Standards Agency (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Men and women aged 40 - 65 years 2. Body mass index (BMI in kg/m^2) between 25 and 35 3. Recruited from the surrounding community of Aberdeen 4. Sedentary or moderately active (less than two aerobic session per week) 5. Present signs of metabolic syndrome, e.g. if he/she has three or more of the following conditions: 5.1. Fasting plasma glucose greater than 6.1 mm/L 5.2. Triacylglycerol (TAG) level greater than 1.7 mmol/L 5.3. Low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (less than 1.04 mmol/L for men, less than 1.29 mmol/L for women) 5.4. Hypertension (greater than 130/85 mmHg) 5.5. Central obesity (waist circumference greater than 102 cm for men, greater than 88 cm for women) 5.6. Moderate hypercholesterolemia
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) 2. Diabetes or fasting blood glucose concentration greater than 7.0 mmol/L 3. Asthma 4. Systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure greater than 99 mmHg 5. Thyroid gland disorders or eating disorders 6. Taking regular medication or supplements known to affect any dependant variable measured 7. Volunteers with high habitual intake of whole-grain foods (greater than 5 servings per week) 8. Taking regular nutritional supplements such as antioxidants or fish oil
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| All outcome measures were determined four times during the intervention: prior run-in (T0), after run-in period (4 weeks, baseline), at week 10 and week 16 (end of intervention): 1. Serum total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations 2. Insulin sensitivity | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measurement of vascular function and inflammation markers (vascular tonicity by pulse-wave velocity and pulse contour analysis, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1], interleukin-6 [IL-6] and high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP]). All outcome measures were determined four times during the intervention: prior run-in (T0), after run-in period (4 weeks, baseline), at week 10 and week 16 (end of intervention). | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed