DiAPAson study - daily time use, physical activity, and interpersonal relationships in patients with schizophrenia

Conditions

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) Mental and Behavioural Disorders Schizophrenia

Martinelli A, Leone S, Baronio CM, Archetti D, Redolfi A, Adorni A, Caselani E, D'Addazio M, Di Forti M, Laffranchini L, Maffezzoni D, Magno M, Martella D, Murray RM, Toffol E, Tura GB, de Girolamo G, DIAPASON consortium.

2025-03-182 citations

10.1007/s00127-025-02855-x

Emotional experiences in male and female participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls: an experience sampling method study

Elisa Caselani, Alessandra Martinelli, Chiara Grigis, Manuel Zamparini, Elena Toffol et al. (9 authors)

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry2025-01-02

10.1080/13546805.2025.2482539

Burnout, working alliance, and ward atmosphere: A multisite study of mental health professionals and patients with schizophrenia

Miriam D’Addazio, Laura Poddighe, Renzo Bianchi, Stefano Calza, Martina Carnevale et al. (8 authors)

Stress and Health2024-10-102 citations

10.1002/smi.3492

DAily time use, Physical Activity, quality of care and interpersonal relationships in patients with Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (DiAPASon): an Italian multicentre study.

de Girolamo G, Rocchetti M, Benzi IMA, Agosta S, Casiraghi L, Ferrari C, De Franceschi N, Macis A, Pogliaghi S, Starace F.

2020-06-0815 citations

10.1186/s12888-020-02588-y

Interventions

Study 1 The sample will include 300 residential patients diagnosed with SSD (G1), matched by age and gender to 300 outpatients (G2). Normative data (G3a) will be extracted from the ISTAT’s survey "Uso

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: All groups: 1. Aged between 20-55 years old 2. Good knowledge of the Italian language G1 and G2: 1. SSD diagnoses according to DSM-5 (APA, 2013) 2. Being a patient living in an RF or an outpatient during recruitment

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: All groups: 1. Inability to provide informed consent (because of low education, or cognitive impairment) 2. Severe cognitive deficit (MMMSE equal or lower than 24.0) 3. A diagnosis of substance use disorder in the last year according to DSM-5 criteria (APA, 2013) 4. History of clinically significant head injury 5. Cerebrovascular, neurological disease 6. Expected discharge from the RF within 1 month G3b and G3c: 1. Being an RF inpatient or being a DMH’s outpatient during recruitment

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Objective 1: 1. Daily use of time (e.g., use of time spent in different activities) of patients with SSD living in RFs, compared to SSD outpatients and to a large sample of the general population, measured via a daily diary (TUS) for two days over a 7-day period after baseline assessment 2. Time perception measured using Zimbardo Time Perspective (ZTPI) at baseline assessment Objective 2: 1. Quality of staff-patients’ relationships for patients living in RFs, measured with Working Alliance Inventory Short Patient and Therapist versions (WAI-PT and WAI-TP) at baseline assessment 2. Staff well-being measured with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) at baseline assessment 3. Burnout measured with Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) at baseline assessment Objective 3: 1. Real-time ESM data (e.g., daily time use, with specifications, such as sleep, work, transportation, hobbies, etc; mood and perceived level of energy) collected via a smartphone app over a 7-day period (8 times a day in semi-random intervals) at least 2 weeks after TUS administration 2. Levels of physical activity in three groups (e.g., RF patients and outpatients with SSD, compared to healthy subjects) assessed via a multi-sensor monitor (actigraphy) over a 7-day period at least 2 weeks after TUS administration	—

Measure

Time frame

Objective 1: 1. Daily use of time (e.g., use of time spent in different activities) of patients with SSD living in RFs, compared to SSD outpatients and to a large sample of the general population, measured via a daily diary (TUS) for two days over a 7-day period after baseline assessment 2. Time perception measured using Zimbardo Time Perspective (ZTPI) at baseline assessment Objective 2: 1. Quality of staff-patients’ relationships for patients living in RFs, measured with Working Alliance Inventory Short Patient and Therapist versions (WAI-PT and WAI-TP) at baseline assessment 2. Staff well-being measured with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) at baseline assessment 3. Burnout measured with Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) at baseline assessment Objective 3: 1. Real-time ESM data (e.g., daily time use, with specifications, such as sleep, work, transportation, hobbies, etc; mood and perceived level of energy) collected via a smartphone app over a 7-day period (8 times a day in semi-random intervals) at least 2 weeks after TUS administration 2. Levels of physical activity in three groups (e.g., RF patients and outpatients with SSD, compared to healthy subjects) assessed via a multi-sensor monitor (actigraphy) over a 7-day period at least 2 weeks after TUS administration

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Objective 1: 1. Severity of psychiatric symptoms (in particular negative symptoms) measured using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS); The Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS); Specific Levels of Functioning Scale (SLOF); World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief version (WHOQOL-bref; WHODAS 2.0) at baseline assessment 2. Amount of time spent doing nothing and being sedentary (number of hours) measured via a daily diary (TUS) for two days over a 7-day period after baseline assessment Objective 2: 1. Quality of RFs measured using Quality Indicator for Rehabilitative Care (QuIRC-SA) at baseline assessment 2. Patients' needs and satisfaction assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need Patient and Staff versions (CAN); Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS), Verona Service Satisfaction Scale (VSSS) at baseline assessment Objective 3: Comparison of real-time ESM data about daily time use (measured via smartphone app) with retrospective paper-and-pencil assessments (measured with TUS) at least 2 weeks after TUS administration	—

Measure

Time frame

Objective 1: 1. Severity of psychiatric symptoms (in particular negative symptoms) measured using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS); The Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS); Specific Levels of Functioning Scale (SLOF); World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief version (WHOQOL-bref; WHODAS 2.0) at baseline assessment 2. Amount of time spent doing nothing and being sedentary (number of hours) measured via a daily diary (TUS) for two days over a 7-day period after baseline assessment Objective 2: 1. Quality of RFs measured using Quality Indicator for Rehabilitative Care (QuIRC-SA) at baseline assessment 2. Patients' needs and satisfaction assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need Patient and Staff versions (CAN); Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS), Verona Service Satisfaction Scale (VSSS) at baseline assessment Objective 3: Comparison of real-time ESM data about daily time use (measured via smartphone app) with retrospective paper-and-pencil assessments (measured with TUS) at least 2 weeks after TUS administration

—

Countries

Italy

Outcome results

None listed