One language or two - does language use affect wellbeing?

Bilingualism as a protective factor in age-related neurodegenerative disorders: an observational cross-sectional study

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Phase 2

Study type

Observational

Source

ISRCTN

Registry ID

ISRCTN20278495

Enrollment

300

Registered

2011-10-20

Start date

2010-04-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2019-02-11

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Topic: Dementias and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Network

Interventions

Current interventions as of 09/11/2012: We will be seeing participants at one time-point, and asking participants questions about their language use, career, hobbies and activities thr

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. Fluency in English 2. Ability to give informed consent 3. Fluency in Welsh (if bilingual) 4. Aged over 18 years, either sex Healthy controls only: 5. Intact cognitive function as indicated by a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) core of 26 or above Participants with AD/PD only: 6. Medical diagnosis of AD/PD 7. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score of 18 or above 8. Availability of an informant

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. Fluency in a language other than Welsh and/or English 2. History of brain injury, neurological disorder, neurodegenerative disorder (other than AD/PD) schizophrenia or other significant mental health problems 3. Major depression (current) 4. Lack of capacity to give consent

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Knowledge, measured continuously throughout the study	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
No secondary outcome measures	—

Countries

United Kingdom

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ISRCTN (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026