Periodontal infection in patients with end-stage kidney disease Oral Health Peridontal infection in chronic kidney disease
Conditions
Interventions
Before the dialysis procedure patients are examined by the same calibrated examiner. Patients fill a questionnaire about oral hygiene habits, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, education and sign in
Sponsors
School of Dentistry University of Zagreb
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Aged >18 years 2. Kidney failure 3. Treated with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. I-IV level of renal failure 2. Renal transplant patients
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA). It is calculated based on bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL) and recession (REC) that are performed at six sites on each tooth. PISA is calculated by the on-line calculator available at: www.parsprototo.info. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Plaque index (Approximal plaque index API; Lange 1986.): approximal spaces in all four quadrants are measured only vestibular or oral and mark as presence or absence of plaque (+ or -). It is calculated as a percentage by the formula: API= number of sites with plaque (+)/ number of tested sites x 100 2. Periodontal bleeding index (PBI; Saxer and Muhlemann 1975.): there are four stages of bleeding sulcus after probing. All teeth in all four quadrants are probed. In first and third quadrant probing is done only on oral side and in second and fourth quadrant probing is done only on the vestibular side. PBI can be noted as bleeding number (sum of all bleeding values) or as the number of bleeding sites divided by the number of tested sites. Bleeding is provoked with blunt periodontal probe and light pressure from the papilla base to the top of papilla first in distal and then in the mesial sulcus. After 20-30 seconds when one quadrant is probed bleeding intensity is evaluated in four grades. Grade 1: only one point of blood is seen. Grade 2: blood line or several bleeding spots on gingival margin. Grade 3: interdental triangle is bleeding. Grade 4: profuse bleeding immediately after probing of interdental space 3. Periodontal probing depth: on six sites at each tooth-the distance between gingival margin and bottom of the sulcus or periodontal pocket in millimetres 4. Bleeding on probing (BOP; Ainamo and Bay, 1975.): on six teeth surfaces same as periodontal probing depth, without graduation, bleeding after probing is marked as + or -. It is presented as a percentage 5. Gingival recession: defined as the distance from cement-enamel junction till free gingival margin on six sites at each tooth. It is measured in millimetres 6. Clinical attachment level (CAL): is calculated by summing up periodontal probing depth and the distance from the gingival margin to the cementoenamel junction | — |
Countries
Croatia
Outcome results
None listed