Parenting behaviours Parenting attitudes toward physical punishment Parenting skills (stress, emotion regulation, problem solving) Child behaviours Other Parenting behaviours Parenting attitudes toward physical punishment Parenting skills (stress, emotion regulation, problem solving) Child behaviours
Conditions
Interventions
Current interventions as of 24/09/2024:
It should be noted that, while the goal was randomization of parents to either the experimental or wait-list control group, the majority of parents who particip
Sponsors
University of Ottawa
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
2 Years to 6 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Carers (parents) who: 1. Have a child aged 2-6 years 2. Feel comfortable with the English language 3. Are not completing any other parenting program while they are completing PDEP (or while they are waiting to complete PDEP should they be assigned to the wait-list condition)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Not meeting the key inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Current primary outcome measure as of 24/09/2024: Unless specified, the following measures are assessed at baseline (pre-PDEP program), at the end of the program (post-PDEP program, and 1 and 3 months after the end of the program. 1. Socio-demographics, assessed by parent self-report at the baseline 2. Approval of physical and non-physical punishment, assessed using the PDEP Questionnaire 3. Subjective developmental norms, assessed using the PDEP Questionnaire 4. Parenting self-efficacy, assessed using the PDEP Questionnaire 5. Use of various disciplinary strategies, assessed using the PDEP Questionnaire 6. Attitudes towards spanking, assessed using the Attitudes Towards Spanking (ATS) Scale 7. Parenting stress, assessed using the Parenting Daily Hassles (PDH) Scale 8. Emotion regulation, assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) 9. Problem solving, assessed using the Personal Problem Solving Inventory 10. Child behaviours, assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) 11. Parenting practices, assessed using the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MPQ), as well as through coding of parents' open-ended responses to three challenging parenting scenarios and coding of brief parent-child interactions (using the observational coding system called Emotional Availability Scales). 12. Videotaped coding for parental and child behaviours, assessed using the Emotional Availability Scale (Biringne) and the Ainsworth Parental Sensitivity Scale 13. Coding, as per the developed manual, of the parental responses to challenging scenarios to capture positive discipline (as defined through the PDEP program) and punishment Previous primary outcome measure as of 05/08/2021: Unless specified, the following measures are assessed at baseline (pre-PDEP program), at the end of the program (post-PDEP program, and 1 and 3 months after the end of the program. 1. Socio-demographics, assessed by parent self-report at the baseline 2. Approval of ph | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Parent satisfaction with the intervention, assessed using an interview with a subset of randomly selected parents at the end of the intervention. This interview will explore their experience with the PDEP program, including what was and was not helpful, the changes they experienced in their parenting attitudes, behaviours, and skills, and to what they attributed the changes. | — |
Countries
Canada
Contacts
Public ContactElisa Romano
Outcome results
None listed